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Patan Academy of Health Science, Kathmandu, Nepal

sristisinghdr@gmail.com

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What is Gynecological Interventional Radiology?

Gynecological Interventional Radiology involves minimally invasive procedures that utilize advanced imaging technologies to diagnose and treat a wide range of gynecological conditions. These procedures are often an alternative to traditional surgery, offering reduced recovery times, minimal scarring, and quicker relief from symptoms.

Common Gynecological Interventional Treatments

1. Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE)

  • Purpose: Treats symptomatic uterine fibroids by blocking blood flow to the fibroids, causing them to shrink.
  • Procedure: A catheter is inserted through the femoral artery, and embolic agents are injected to block the blood supply to the fibroids.
  • Applications: Helps in reducing symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure.

2. Ovarian Vein Embolization

  • Purpose: Treats pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS), which is a cause of chronic pelvic pain in women.
  • Procedure: Embolic agents are used to block varicose veins in the pelvis.
  • Applications: Alleviates symptoms of PCS, including pelvic pain and heaviness.

3. Fallopian Tube Recanalization

  • Purpose: Opens blocked fallopian tubes, which may improve fertility.
  • Procedure: A catheter and guidewire are used to clear the blockage in the tubes.
  • Applications: Beneficial for women with tubal infertility.

4. Pelvic Embolization for Postpartum Hemorrhage

  • Purpose: Controls severe bleeding after childbirth.
  • Procedure: Embolic materials are introduced through a catheter to block the bleeding vessels.
  • Applications: Life-saving procedure to manage acute postpartum hemorrhage.

5. Selective Salpingography

  • Purpose: Evaluates and treats proximal fallopian tube obstructions.
  • Procedure: A contrast dye is injected to visualize the tubes and potentially clear blockages.
  • Applications: Useful in infertility assessments and treatments.

6. Endometrial Ablation

  • Purpose: Treats heavy menstrual bleeding by destroying the lining of the uterus.
  • Procedure: Minimally invasive techniques, such as radiofrequency or thermal energy, are used.
  • Applications: Suitable for women who do not plan to become pregnant.

Benefits of Gynecological Interventional Radiology

  • Minimally invasive with less pain and quicker recovery.
  • High success rates with minimal complications.
  • Preserves fertility and reproductive organs when possible.
  • Typically performed on an outpatient basis.